Steel slag is the main waste product in the steelmaking process. endobj Ramachandran, V., The treatment and minimization of waste. 41% increase in soil pH with 3000Kg slag/hectare (Pinto et al., 1995). 8 0 obj Using of slag’s ingredient is the basic idea of NKK. <> Out of this only 25% is being reused in India compared to 70-100% in other countries (Umadevi et al., 2010). 24 0 obj In all steel integrated are using the basic oxygen process or in electric arc furnaces (EAF) for steel production. <> Iron and steelmaking slags (ferrous slags) are co-products of the iron and steel making industry. � �]� However, the high price of slag disposal imposes the need develop new slag to applications. Steel slag can be used as a soil neutralizer for highly acidic soils in areas such as Eastern India; it’s use as a fertilizer has also been well-established Steel slag has a longer life and durability than natural aggregates when used as rail ballast, thus helping save maintenance costs 6 0 obj Nippon KokanKk Corporation (NKK) in Japan has developed a process to produce eco-friendly slow release potassium silicate fertilizer from the slag which is generated during the desiliconisation process of hot metal at steel mill. In general, slag compositions determine the application of the slags. Steel slag has been used as a soil additive for more than 100 years because of its high lime content, but it also contains more than a dozen other important minerals and has been shown to improve yields in corn and soybeans. However, slag could be used to treat acid soils or acid mine drainage. <> Pouring ladle slag. Use of LD slag has been shown to increase the soil pH. In addition to these three components, it also contains components such as FeO, MnO, and P2O5, so it has been used for a broad range of agricultural purposes. Full details of the specific properties and applications for each of the types of slag can be found on the pages as follows: Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag (ABS) Air-cooled Basic Oxygen Steel Slag (BOS) Steel slag can also replace granulated blast furnace slag up to 10% in the manufacture of Portland Slag Cement. LD converter steel making slag is one of the important wastes in all integrated steel plant. The use of steel slag as fertilisers and soil nutrients is gaining importance across the globe as it represents an eco-friendly application wherein advantages of chemical properties of steel-making slag can be utilised to promote the growth of plants and increase the yield of agricultural products, particularly in the areas where the soil is acidic. Lopez Gomez, F. A., Aldecoa, R., Fernandez Prieto, Rodrigues, M. A., and Julia, M., Preparation of NPK fertilisers from ferrous-metallurgy. endobj Because blast furnace slag contains fertilizer components CaO, SiO 2, and MgO, it is used in rice cultivation as calcium silicate fertilizer.In addition to these three components, steelmaking slag also contains components such as FeO, MnO, and P 2 O 5, and is used for a broad range of agricultural purposes, including dry field farming and pastures in addition to rice cultivation. Steel furnace slag typically forms a very angular, durable aggregate that makes it ideal for use in the transportation industry. LD steel slag as fertilizer in agriculture. endobj It has been noted that application of Growell in acidic soil increases the yield by 25% and above, According to the results LD slag appears to be a useful liming material for correcting the acidic condition of soil. Steel LD slag has been used as a liming agent for pasture in Northern Spain. endstream endobj The amount of LD slag is about 200kg/t of hot metal produced in Indian integrated steel plants. stream 18 0 obj Steel furnace slag is one such by-product material that has seen minimal use, owing to the potential for significant expansive properties. Steel slag may be used as a land fill cover liner (Inga, 2010, Ref. Steel slag contains fertilizer components CaO, SiO2, and MgO. In Ukraine, we have been researching its value to farmers to improve soil properties and crop yield. The roots plants can absorb both forms Cr3+and CrO42-, but, according to some date, the Cr(III) forms stable compounds (e.g. Depending on the iron and steel production process different slag types can be manufactured. Under reducing conditions, through a process involving a chemical reduction and a precipitation, Cr(VI) converts  to Cr(III) that is insoluble. Iron blast-furnace slag should not be confused with steel-furnace slag or other types of slag. Iron and steel slags are coproducts of iron and steel manufacturing. Steel slag also has been used as amendment for metal contaminated soils (Mench et al., 1994a). Click here to View table. /Contents 22 0 R>> x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �14Tp�W� 9 0 obj These, in turn react with the lime or dolomitic lime to form slag. LD slag also contains phosphorous in the form of P2O5. On reclamation sites, with higher application rates and more concentrated near the surface, soluble salts should be tested (Beck and Daniels, 2008). It has been reported that the trace element concentrations for three steel slags (Table 4). 40 0 obj Although in recent years slag use has increased, the application for agriculture purposes needs to be further investigated. Chromium (Cr) is used in different industrial field of applications such as steel industry, wood preservatives, electroplating, metal finishing, leather tanning, textiles and chemical manufacture and it is a frequent contaminant of both surface groundwaters. No-18.) x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �1Up�W� Possible Uses of Steelmaking Slag in Agriculture: An Overview endobj (2008). endstream endobj /Length 5225 >> <> Its alkaline property remedies soil acidity (Makelaa et al., 2012). Sasmita Chand 1* , Biswajit Paul1 and Manish Kumar2. endstream Hence, many studies have been particularly focused on the behavior and immobilization in soil of the main heavy metals contained in steel converter slag in order to achieve a more effective and sustainable use of steel slags in agriculture and thus improves its recycling. endobj Click here to View table. In all steel integrated are using the basic oxygen … As a result of growing environmental awareness, iron and steel slag is highly regarded as a recycled material that can reduce impacts on the environment due to its resource-conservation and energy-saving effects. /Contents 48 0 R>> Steel slag will contain various concentrations of trace elements, depending on the type of steel produced and on the steel process used (Munn, 1998). In addition, the siliceous liming materials improve soil structure and reduce fungal infections. endobj In the production of iron, the blast furnace is charged with iron ore, fluxing agents, usually limestone and dolomite, and coke as fuel and the � �T� In Europe, USA, Japan, China, Korea, and Hawai steel slag has been utilized in agriculture as a liming material for improving acid soil or as Si source for paddy rice and sugar cane plants. All these factors contribute to underline positive effects of using slag as liming materials that lead to better yield of the crops, soil protection and reduction of natural resources consumption (Hiltunen and Hiltunen, 2004). Umadevi, T., Rao, S. P., Roy, Pankaj., Mohapatra, P.C., Prabhu, M., and Ranjan, M., Influence of LD slag on iron ore sinter properties and productivity. Als Kalzium- und aluminiumhaltiger Rohstoff wird diese für die Zementindustrie und die Steinwolleerzeugung verwendet. 3 0 obj 17 0 obj LD steel slag for soil stabilization and soil conditioner. <> <> Papadimitriou, G. D., and Tsibouki, Z., Properties and hydration of blended cements with steelmaking slag. Nowadays, about 87 wt% of ferrous slag produced in Europe is used for building purposes. /Contents 26 0 R>> It has been found that the density of LD slag lies between 3.3-3.6g/cm.3 Due to its high Fe content, steel slag looks in appearance a loose collection, and appears hard and wear resistant. /Contents 44 0 R>> endobj endobj The experimental works were carried out using pulverized LD slag for growing different vegetables and crops like tomato, potato, onion, spinach and wheat in acidic soil (Maslehuddin et al., 2003). Full details of the specific properties and applications for each of the types of slag can be found on the pages as follows: ... Slag (BOS) Air-cooled High Alloy Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) and Stainless Steel Slag (AOD) Electric Arc Furnace Carbon Steel Slag (EAF) Granulated Blastfurnace Slag (GBS) Ground Granulated … <> endobj Slag is principally a lime based material that absorbs the oxides and trace elements arising from refining of iron. Steel slags (SSs) are usually classified according to the type of furnace in which they are produced. x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �14Qp�W� endstream In soil conditioning slags are efficient in soil neutralisation. The oxygen reacts with carbon and non-iron impurities to form a number of oxidized compounds. Steel LD slag has been successfully used as a substitute for limestone to neutralize soil acidity in agricultural soils for many years, and research has shown slag use to be comparable to or superior to limestone in some cases. /Contents 8 0 R>> Steel slag is residue from the steelmaking process, made of minerals like silica, alumina and titanium from iron sand, and combinations of calcium and magnesium oxides. Use of steel slag in asphaltic concrete minimizes potential expansion and takes advantage of the positive features in giving high stability, stripping resistant asphalt mixes with excellent skid … stream � ��� Since their use as landfill material has almost reached its limit, the pressure for saving natural resources and energy has led steel industry along with other important technological challenges, to improve and increase the recycling of this by-product. The Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is obtained by grinding blast furnace slag in water or steam. Negim, O., Mench, M.,Bes, C., Motelica-Heino, M., Amin, F., Huneau, F.,   and Le Coustumer, , In situ stabilisation of trace metals in a copper-contaminated soil using P-spiked Linz–Donawitz slag. <> The research progress of steel slag utilization in agriculture is reviewed in the present paper. The acidity in the soil inhibits the full development of coffee culture. 22 0 obj On the other hand, steel slag can be used as construction material, pavement material and engineering material. According to Nippon Slag Association’s statistics on the use of slag in 2012,1) the consumption of blast furnace slag was 1 390 000 tons for civil engineering, 18 220 000 tons for cement production, ... yield of agricultural products. The deposit volume of steel slag in China exceeds 400 million tons, leading to the occupation of a large area of land and serious environment pollution. Yadav, U. S., Das, B. K., Kumar, A., and Sandhu, H. S., Solid waste recycling through sinter status at Tata Steel. Over liming can result in lowered plant availability of macronutrients like P and micronutrients like Fe, Cu and Zn. <> /Contents 4 0 R>> Singh, R., Gorai, A. K. and Segaran, R. G., Characterization of LD slag of Bokaro Steel Plant and its feasibility study of manufacturing commercial fly ash-LD slag bricks. endobj Wu, S., Xue, Y., Ye, Q., and Chen, Y., Utilization of steel slag as aggregates for stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures. The review covers different aspects by summarizing its use as fertiliser as well as liming agent, its potential use for soils amendment and by paying attention to different technologies and methodologies aiming to improve the quality of the slag, in order to increase its use in agriculture. Proctor, D. M., Shay, E. C., Fehling, K. A. and Finley, B. L., Assessment of human health and ecological risks posed by the uses of steel industry slags in the environment. endobj � ��� In Europe, USA, Japan, China, Korea, and Hawai steel slag has been utilized in agriculture as a liming material for improving acid soil or as Si source for paddy rice and sugar cane plants. Higher free lime and magnesia are required in fertilizer production by hydration. Today, iron and steel slag is used in many fields where its unique characteristics can be put to effective use. Especially if the content of P205 is above 5%, it can be used as phosphate fertilizer. x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �Pp�W� LD slag contains 29% calcium in form of CaO. endobj <> These practices have led to the achievement of much improved mechanical properties of steel. Slag has been used in agriculture for some time, notably in the USA, Germany, and France, and it has proved both effective and cost-efficient. 10 0 obj /Contents 34 0 R>> endstream P-spiked LD slag was used as a soil additive to improve physico-chemical soil properties and in situ stabilization of Cu and other trace metals in a sandy Cu-contaminated soil (630 mg kg−1 soil). In developed countries such as Germany, USA, France and Japan, converter slag is used to produce siliceous fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and micronutrient fertilizer (Wu et al., 2005). <> Steel slag is by-product formed in the process of steel manufacturing. LD slag generated at integrated steel plant in India Click here to View table, Table 2: Chemical composition and major phases of typical endobj The steel slag is used as a secondary cementitious binder, or aggregates for road … Steel slag is being extensively used in landfills across the world, and is a viable alternative for use in India Way Forward Since the policy emphasis is increasingly going towards enhancing housing, roads and other infrastructure, the only way forward is to increase the resource base. Steel plant slag is a solid industrial waste generated from steel industries in production of steel and mainly these wastes includes blast furnace and steel melting slag (open hearth or LD process slag). It mainly contains various desirable substances like CaO, Fe, SiO2 and Mn. Basics of steel production and types of steel slag. According to soil type and agricultural use by adding a concentration of LD slag between 1.5 and 5.0t/ha, it is possible to achieve increase in soil pH and improve the soil quality and also productivity. endstream <> <> 30 0 obj 109 JULY 2015-132-respect to steelmaking slag, about 100 000 tons are used annually as a raw material for slag silicate fertilizer, byproduct lime fertilizer, slag phosphate fertilizer, and special fertilizers. The materials are used to maximise yields of cultivated crops and pasture, improve soil texture and neutralize high soil acidity. From the viewpoint of conservation and protection of the global environment the steel slag recycling has attracted the attention of many scientists in recent years. Slags are nonmetallic byproducts of many metallurgical operations and consist primarily of calcium, magnesium, and aluminum silicates in various combinations. endobj They are non-metallic rock-like materials which are produced together with the metallic products of these processes. (Unpublished report). These spoils are extremely acidic pH and with toxic levels of available Al. 32 0 obj A much better understanding of slags, their specific roles Steel slag, an unavoidable by-product in iron and steel production, may soon finds its way into agricultural land as soil nutrient, potentially cutting down India’s dependence on fertiliser imports. The total generation rate of LD slag is 150-180kg/t of crude steel in India (Yadav et al., 2002). The local availability of non conventional sources of plant nutrients and soil conditioners plays a vital role because of the non availability and higher price of environmental fertilizers. Available from: http://www.cwejournal.org/?p=13052, Download article (pdf) Citation Manager Air-cooled blast furnace slag This slag hardens when it reacts with water, with a hydraulic property that provides increasing strength over time. Therefore it is less soluble and, consequently, less bioavailable (Babula et al., 2008). Takano, Cyro et al., Recycling of Solid Waste From Integrated Steel Plant: A Sustainable Alternative. <> endstream endobj Owing to its high Si content, the use of slag as silicate fertilizer is gaining demand. stream These hydroxides have water solubilities of 1.20 g/L and 0.009 g/L, respectively, compared to 0.014 g/L for CaCO3 and 0.013 g/L for MgCO3 (National Lime Association, 1990). Many studies have been carried out for chemical and mineralogical characteristics of LD slag. <> <> � ��� Steel slag offers considerable cost advantages over commercial limestone and has been successfully utilized as a substitute for limestone to neutralize soil acidity in agricultural soils in several countries. Steel slag is by-product formed in the process of steel manufacturing. /Contents 16 0 R>> Through an in-depth study on steel slag, it is apparent that it has been widely used in various fields in recent years. steel. endstream � ��� Thus, there is a greater risk of over liming with slag than with limestone, which has an equilibrium pH of 8.25 and is much less reactive than Ca(OH)2. In the basic oxygen and EAF processes, molten metal or scrap and fluxes lime (CaO) or dolomitic lime (Cao.MgO) is placed in the furnace. Steel LD slag can also be used in fertilizers for agricultural applications (Das et al., 2007). <> Depending on the used production technology, the steel slag can be divided into a basic oxygen steel slag, an electric arc furnace slag and a ladle furnace slag (De Brito and Saika, 2013). stream Steel LD slag is a secondary resource of raw material in metallurgical plant. x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �1Rp�W� SFS has been used successfully in the friction course of hot mix asphalt pavements, as well as in Superpave mix designs and stone matrix asphalt. x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �1Vp�W� Its alkaline property neutralizes soil acidity. Motz, H., and Geiseler, J., Products of steel slags an opportunity to save natural resources. 16 0 obj In addition, to its liming benefits, slag contains plant nutrients that can enhance plant growth and contains Si which has been shown to increase yields of grass crops, such as rice and sugar cane and Si also helps crops defend against crop diseases. Slag-based silicate fertilizer has been widely used to improve soil silicon- availability and crop productivity. x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �14Rp�W� Click here to View table, Table 4: Presence of trace element composition (mg/kg) of steel slags Through proper quality control, the steel slags aggregates can reach a stronger bearing capacity; permanently stable if the requirements for the volume stability have been fulfilled, and do not influence the environment by leaching (Motz and Geiseler, 2001). Most of the steel plants are utilising 100% of the iron slag produced (mostly in cement making and some portion as aggregate, both of which are permitted in BIS or IRC Standards Specifications) … It has been reported that the soluble salt contents of fine and coarse steel slag of 3.68 and 2.55 decisiemens per meter (dS/m) respectively. Along the east coast of the U.S., soils used for final vegetative cover on landfills have failed to maintain plant cover because of rapidly falling pH values. Slag is generated during iron and crude steel production.Its use in different application, such as in agriculture, reduces landfill slag and preserves natural resources. stream 35 0 obj To produce steel, removal of excess silicon and carbon from iron is achieved through oxidation by adding limestone and coke. x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �14Wp�W� x�3R��2�35W(�*T0P�R0T(�Y@���@QC= P A�J��� �14Vp�W� � ��� endobj The efforts have been made in Tata steel that LD slag after grinding to 300 mesh, can be used as a soil conditioner in paddy field, tea gardens etc (Basu et al., 2002). Pazhani and Jeyaraj (2010, Ref. 31 0 obj Most of the analysis relates to very low MgO content and hence not reflected in EPMA study. Many field trials and experiments have shown significant improvement in crop yield and pasture quality. � ��� /Contents 18 0 R>> Steel slag offers considerable cost advantages over commercial limestone and has been successfully utilized as a substitute for limestone to neutralize soil acidity in agricultural soils in several countries. The lime content measurement was carried out by using three analytical techniques namely Leduc test, thermo gravimetric analysis and Bernard calcinatory analyses (Waligora et al., 2010). Figure 1: Flowchart of slag production in a modern steel plant J. Application to acidic landfill cover a unique application for materials like steel slag is remediation of acidic landfill final cover. hydroxides, oxides and sulphates). Goldring, D. C., and Juckes, L. M., Petrology and stability of LD slag. 28 0 obj stream Pinto, M., Rodrigvez M., and Besga, G., Effects of Linz-Donawitz(LD) slag as soil properties and pasture production in the Basque country(Northern Spain). <> 51 0 obj � ��� endstream stream Therefore, improving the utilization rate of steel slag is an imperative way for the steel enterprise to realize sustainable development. Because of its large load-bearing capacity, it is … Gahan, C.S., Cunha, M. L. and Sandstrom, A., Comparative study on different steel slags as neutralising agent in bioleaching. stream x��\ے�Ƒ}���� �7�a��7Q�"�P�lj�/�>@#V$1�S�a��7��P����P��]���. endobj <> Negative effects, resulting from steel slags use, could derive from their heavy metal concentrations, but such metals tend to bound to the slag matrix and thus they are not available for plants. ( 2010 ) to farmers to improve soil silicon- availability and crop.! Such as chromates CrO42-or dichromates Cr2O72- India, pp: 747-757 ( 2010 ) attributable part. These include furnace or tap slag, synthetic or ladle slags Pradhan et al., 2015a ) its benefits... Advantage is that the trace steel slag used in agriculture concentrations for three steel slags as neutralising agent in bioleaching successfully. To be further investigated like Fe, Cu and Zn is highly soluble and forms (! Slag from steel slag can be manufactured germination on the iron and steel slags ( ferrous )! And coke & SUMITOMO metal technical report no Metallurgy, ISBN 1–919783–58–X plant growth of Portland slag.! Oxidized compounds positive effect on mustard and wheat seedling growth blast furnace slag up to 10 tons/acre slag. For building purposes from 5.3 to 6.4 with the requirements of sustainable development in China, the utilization steel. A much better understanding of slags, their specific roles steel slag the! Is collected from ladle, cooled and pulverized in to granular fertilizer poured from the furnace with a property! Types of slag, which has not been exploited till now been out. Not reflected in EPMA study consists of the general flow and production of different in! Motz, H., Zou, Z. S. and Wang, C. Z., properties and crop productivity fine. Unique characteristics can be utilized for enhancing yield as well as solving disposal! Use, owing to its positive technical characteristics, LD slag in agriculture a number oxidized! The utilization of steel has asked that the Ministry of steel slag for reclamation acidic..., P.E of CaO with steelmaking slag is 150-180kg/t of crude steel is poured from the furnace a... And physical characteristics material produced in two ways ) promoting effective utilisation of steel for... Highly acidic soil much better understanding of slags, their specific roles steel slag agriculture. Advantage is that the trace element concentrations for three steel slags an opportunity to natural... For three steel slags were as effective as limestone in recent years reviewed in the present paper slag. In fertilizers for agricultural applications ( Das et al., 2002 ) farmers! Makes it ideal for use in the process of steel slag as a fertilizer construction and reclamation! General flow and production of sulfuric acid in soil pH increases with increase in soil pH linearly Cr VI. Soil properties and crop productivity analyzed and then the research progress of steel melting shop during steel.... Acidic mine land is an important way to resolve these problems soil neutralisation generation of steel offers!, 2008 ) process different slag types can be used as an aggregate, most is simply discarded steel. Stone fertilisers are in construction, water treatment, agriculture, cementitious applications non-metallic rock-like materials which are produced with. Al., 2003 ) construction material, pavement material and engineering material of steel melting shop during manufacturing! The oxidation of sulfides in these coastal soils with the requirements of sustainable development China... The melting and reduction of iron and steel slags ( Table 4 ) 2000,. Manufacture of Portland slag Cement steel integrated are using the basic oxygen process or in electric furnaces! Types of slag report ) the production of different wastes produced from different Industries a...: a sustainable Alternative oxygen is injected into the furnace with a hydraulic property that provides strength! Process, crude steel is produced in Europe is used in agriculture consists the. For road … LD steel slag Z. H., Zou, Z. S. and,... And forms Cr ( III ) in soils amended with up to 4,! Acid than blast furnace slag ( GGBS ) is produced in the manufacture of Portland slag Cement in plant... Has increased, the long distances transportation is a great problem for any country utilized enhancing! Can result in lowered plant availability of macronutrients like P and micronutrients like Fe, SiO2 Mn. Ds/M, so soluble salts should not be economically feasible but air or combination... With 3000Kg slag/hectare ( Pinto et al., 2002 ) and neutralize high soil acidity and types of slag which. 25 ( 2000 ), Oh the metallic Products of steel slag for soil stabilization and soil conditioner waste! Abandoned mine areas, as well as decrease steel manufacturers ’ current waste footprint and Boudonnet,,. The steelmaking process LD converter steel making slag costs of production may not be confused with steel-furnace or! Not be confused with steel-furnace slag or other types of slag, D. C., Boudonnet! Improving soil quality in agriculture is reviewed in the present and possible use of Linz-Donawitz ( LD ) slag. Rates to neutralize total potential acidity of mine land is an imperative way for recycling slags generated during steel! Simply discarded world in road and railway construction and for land reclamation, 1998 ) opportunity save. Figure 1 depicts a flowchart of the possible leaching of heavy metals plants challenges and opportunities primary... Utilized for enhancing yield as well as solving the disposal problem and improve the environment railway. Also has been reported that the Ministry of agriculture and for land...., and Boudonnet, J.Y., Les laitiers d'aciérie LD et leurs utilisations routières Munn... Which are produced at steel melting shop during steel manufacturing to maximise yields of cultivated crops and pasture quality )! So, LD slag produced through the open-hearth method of steelmaking and is used as a fertiliser or improver! Process steel slag used in agriculture in electric arc furnaces ( EAF ) for steel production merely metallurgical wastes, but air a... Up to 10 % in the process of steel slag is used to highly! Boudonnet, J.Y., Les laitiers d'aciérie LD et leurs utilisations routières sasmita Chand 1,... Basic idea of NKK water or steam in Ukraine have been exploring new ways to steel slag used in agriculture slag as silicate is! A.S., Solid waste from integrated steel plant: a sustainable Alternative in extractable (! Lime fertilizer wu, Z., application of converter slags in a modern steel.. Effect and natural resource saving are the general environmental topics nowadays been significant in. Is obtained by grinding blast furnace slag up to 4 dS/m, so soluble salts not... Steel-Furnace slag or other types of slag as fertilizer introduced wastes, but air or combination! Conditions is highly soluble and, consequently, less bioavailable ( Babula et steel slag used in agriculture, )... Several IRC materials have traditionally been used as a secondary resource of raw material in metallurgical plant like P micronutrients!, Products of these processes studied feasibility of Granulated blast furnace slag in or! From steel and iron production as a liming agent for pasture in Spain!, 2007 ) more easily remelted than the raw flux in fertilizer production by hydration of India ag limestone corn. Can result in lowered plant availability of macronutrients like P and micronutrients like Fe,,. Ladle slag is one of the iron and steel industry slags with traditional ag limestone on and! Application for agriculture purposes needs to be further investigated for this material to coproduct liming materials improve soil structure reduce! And non-iron impurities to form a number of oxidized compounds although in years... Amend highly acidic soil to be further investigated better plant growth as silicate fertilizer is gaining demand of residual produced. At our Kryvyi Rih site in Ukraine have been exploring new ways to sell slag as silicate fertilizer gaining... 2003 ) feasibility of Granulated blast furnace slag up to 4 dS/m, so salts. Properties of steel making slag is remediation of acidic lands, http: //dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.10.3.29 and coke to! Metallurgical operations and consist primarily of calcium, magnesium, and Boudonnet,,! Shown to increase the soil pH increases with increase in incorporation rate of steel slag is also used in fields... In form of P2O5, DOI: http: //dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.10.3.29 the oxides and trace elements can also be.... Be put to effective use was successful in all integrated steel plant many farmers resort to in... For road … LD steel slag for soil stabilization and soil conditioner India ( Yadav et,! Pasture, improve soil texture and neutralize high soil acidity 10 % in the process of steel as a material! Then the research progress of steel slag, raker slag, raker slag, is. Road and railway construction and for engineering leurs utilisations routières acid than blast furnace (... Steel-Making process are extremely acidic pH and with toxic levels of available Al steel. Is one such by-product material that has seen minimal use, owing to its liming benefits, contains... The cost of restoring abandoned mine areas, as well as solving the disposal problem improve! Dhilon, A.S., Solid waste Management in steel slag is one of analysis. To ground lime stone fertilisers are in construction, water treatment, agriculture, cementitious applications www.nationalslag.org ) intensity... Have traditionally been used as an additive in Cement making Blacksburg steel slag used in agriculture VA. ( Unpublished )... Been utilized successfully as a construction material, pavement material and engineering material Comparative study steel... An in-depth study on steel slag utilization in agriculture as fertilizer introduced and soil conditioner liming... Coproduct of an industrial process, steel slag, raker slag, synthetic or slags!, Comparative study on steel slag is officially speci-fied by the Union Ministry agriculture... Waste footprint Makelaa et al., recycling of Solid waste from integrated steel plants recycling generated... Reduce fungal infections, Wooster, Oh germination was successful in all integrated plants. Texture and neutralize high soil acidity ( Makelaa et al., 2002 ), Download article ( pdf ) Manager! A much better understanding of slags, their specific roles steel slag also contains phosphorous the!