This rotating wheel is known as chopper and is interposed to break the steady light from the lamp into an intermittent or pulsating light. 7. The detector consists of a photomultiplier tube or a simple photocell. The basic principle is that light is passed through a collection of atoms. 11311114 2. In order to achieve absorption of atoms, it becomes necessary to reduce the sample to the atomic state. The informations posted were short and have a easily understandable format. The entry-level SpectrAA 55B is ideal for labs in remote locations, while the 240FS and 280FS AA systems are capable of achieving the productivity of sequential ICP with Agilent’s Fast Sequential AAS technology. A liquid sample is allowed to convert into free atoms (desolvated and atomized). These two instruments shall be discussed briefly here along with their vital components. Atomic absorption spectroscopy and atomic emission spectroscopy is a spectroanalytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation by free atoms in the gaseous state. Inside the lamp, the cathode is coated with a metal of analyte to be analyzed. Analytica Chimica Acta 1980 , 118 (1) , 1-9. compared to atomic-absorption (AA) spectroscopy. Atomic Spectroscopy is based upon the ability of atoms to absorb or emit light. The basic principle is that light is passed through a collection of atoms. Spectral line interferences in atomic absorption spectroscopy. I have found the information useful and uderstandable. Whether your single-element inorganic analysis application requires flame furnace or graphite furnace atomic absorption (AA), we offer state-of-the-art, high-performance instrumentation, and support you with more than 50 years of experience as the industry leader in atomic absorption spectroscopy. In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, the production of atomic vapour by flame is the most important phase. Interference 8. To estimate Lead in petroleum products. Fuel and oxidant to burn the sample by heat. 4. 5. To determine heavy metals like iron, manganese, copper, zinc, mercury, lead, nickel, and in urine and blood. Instrumentation. Instrumentation: • Sample Introduction: • Liquid samples are nebulized and carried into the excitation source by a flowing gas. Chemical Instrumentation: Home Chromatography Spectrometry Mandatory Experiment Evaluation Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The unabsorbed radiation is recorded by the detector. Consequently, when a light of this wavelength is passed through a flame along the atom of the metallic species a portion of the same would be absorbed. Applications. • It also measures the concentration of metals in the sample. (a) An atomic absorption spectrometer requires a very different light source than does an instrument for molecular absorption. Atomic spectroscopy includes a number of analytical techniques used to determine the elemental composition of a sample (it can be gas, liquid, or solid) by observing its electromagnetic spectrum or its mass spectrum. 5. Suggest an explanation for this observation. Atomic spectroscopy is used for quantitative analysis of metal elements in water, soil, plant material, and ceramics. Based on the absorption of optical radiation by gas-state atoms, atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy measures analyte concentrations down to parts per billion. In most of the atomic absorption measurement, chart recorder are used as read out device. Single Beam Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy : In single beam equipment, a light source is kept ahead of the flame with a mechanical chopper between the light source and the flame. 1. ... Hydrochloric acid digestion is not suitable for samples, which will be analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy because it can cause interferences during furnace atomization. Atomic absorption spectroscopy, Principle, Instrumentation and Processes. The sample after evaporation leaves a fine residue of neutral atoms. Whereas atomic absorption spectroscopy is the study of how light and energy interact with matter, atomic absorption spectrometry refers to the techniques and methodology used to apply this study to real-world practices. The technique of quantitative analysis is depend upon the Determination of the amount of radiation absorbed by the sample. 2. modern era of atomic absorption spectroscopy began with the work of WALSH and ALKEMAD E and ti-tz. The PMT is the most commonly used detector for atomic absorption spectroscopy. Since samples are usually liquids or solids, the analyte atoms or ions must be vaporized in a flame or graphite furnace. This is also called as metal analysis spectroscopy as it is mainly used for the analysis of metals. The remaining unabsorbed light is detected and recorded. For example, a known amount of CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs can be used to determine the concentration of cadmium and zinc. For example, if a light source with a broad band of wavelengths is directed at a vapour of atoms, ions, or molecules, the particles will absorb those wavelengths that can… a. The light source should produce a narrow spectrum with little background noise. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is well suited to routine quantitative elemental analysis. Advantage – in double beam equipment, there is no effect of lamp drift and there is no change in detector sensitivity with time. Arthur Lorber, Richard L. Cohen, Chia Chin Chang, Harold E. Anderson. If the heat produced is not sufficient then the sample doesn’t form neutral atoms. 1. The underlying principal of atomic absorption spectroscopy is the absorption of energy exclusively by ground state atoms while they are in the gaseous from. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is a quantitative method of analysis that is applicable to many metals and a few nonmetals. Thanks for visiting. The resulting absorption has been found to be directly proportional to the density of the atom present in a flame at the material time. Industrially packaged atomic absorption instrumentation commonly includes a Monochromators of about 1/2m focal length with a linear reciprocal dispersion in the range 16-35 A/mm. Atomic absorption spectroscopy has become one of the most frequently used tools in analytical chemistry. Vaporization the solid sample vaporizes to a gas; and 3. Solution for 2. The more atoms present, the higher the absorption. Which of the following is the principle of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy? ELEANOR BERMAN. Every element detected requires a different light source, although sources may be combined for multiple-element detection. The atomizer (burner) to dry the sample and produce atoms. The potentialities of the graphite crucible method in atomic absorption spectroscopy. Answer: a Disadvantages 5. Contents: Notes on the Meaning of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Notes on the […] • Solid samples can be introduced into the source by a slurry or by laser ablation of the solid sample in a gas stream. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is another technique that can be used to characterize NMs in terms of elemental composition. a) True b) False. A common method of nebulisation is by use of a gas moving at high velocity. These free atoms absorb the light of a specific wavelength. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is a spectroanalytical procedure for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation (light) by free atoms in the gaseous state.Atomic absorption spectroscopy is based on absorption of light by free metallic ions. Although radiation in the UV-Vis region … But, unlike other spectroscopy methods, it has two additional requirements. 4. Happy Learning., Atomic absorption spectroscopy, Principle, Instrumentation and Processes, Advantages of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Disadvantages of atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Application of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Instrumentation of atomic absorption spectroscopy, Principle of double beam Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, Principle of single beam Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Principle, Instrumentation and Applications, Baldur’s Gate Descent Into Avernus PDF 2020, How to Win Friends and Influence People PDF 2020, Genki 1 PDF : An Integrated Workbook and MP3 [Free] 2020. Here it is burned with the flame. Atomic-absorption (AA) spectroscopy uses the absorption of light to measure the concentration of gas-phase atoms. High tech electronics amplify, filter, and process the electrical signal, using a series of chips and microprocessors, Atomic absorption spectrometry quantifies the absorption of ground state atoms in the gaseous state ; 10. By definition, AAS is a quantitative analytical technique wherein the absorption of a specific wavelength of radiation by the neutral atoms in the ground state is measured. The atomic absorption spectrophotometers are essentially of two types, namely : (a) Single-beam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, and(b) Double-beam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.These two instruments shall be discussed briefly … 2. This light is typically in the visible or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum. This residue has neutral atoms in the ground state. 2. The science of atomic spectroscopy has yielded three techniques for analytical use: atomic emission, atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence. This section describes some of the methods and instrumentation that have been developed for both flame and electrothermal techniques of atomic absorption spectroscopy. atomic absorption spectrometry techniques and instrumentation in analytical chemistry Oct 28, 2020 Posted By Leo Tolstoy Ltd TEXT ID 985e334e Online PDF Ebook Epub Library for the quantitative determination of chemical elements using the absorption of optical radiation light by free atoms in the gaseous stateatomic absorption spectroscopy is Desolvation the liquid solvent is evaporated, and the dry sample remains; 2. Atomic absorption spectroscopy has simple instrumentation. @VINODHINI, Hi, yes phosphorous can be analyzed with atomic absorption spectroscopy. This is a very important part of the entire process to be remembered. The chopped beam from the hollow cathod lampn is divided into two parts, one part goes through the flame while, the other part by passes it.. 2. if not what is the reason and what is used for phosphorous quantification in samples. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry . It can analyze over 62 elements. To achieve this a monochromator that can filter and provide a resolution of <1nm is employed. 6. Explanation: The function of Flame or Emission system in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is to reduce the sample into atomic state. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Questions & Answers 1. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a82b392879e2966917cceefd2478b08c" );document.getElementById("h1da180cd0").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Atomic spectroscopy is closely related to other forms of spectroscopy. Applications of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry to Trace Metal Analyses of Toxicological Materials. These include a specially designed lamp to produce light of a desired wavelength and a burner to prepare the sample for the absorption of light radiation. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 1968, 23 (9) , 579-586. But, unlike other spectroscopy methods, it has two additional requirements. 40 Radiation Sources. • It is very reliable and simple to use. There is, however, an important additional need in atomic absorption spectroscopy: we first must covert the analyte into free atoms. 2. The science of atomic spectroscopy has yielded three techniques for analytical use: atomic emission, atomic absorption, and atomic fluorescence. For atomic absorption spectroscopy, the photo multiplier tube is most suitable. The more the number of the atoms in a given sample, the higher is the intensity of absorption and vice-versa. The Beckman total consumption burner is generally used in atomic absorption measurement. To determine metal concentrations in groundwater and bore well samplings before using for drinking and irrigation. Atomic spectroscopy is closely related to other forms of spectroscopy. A three-channel flame atomic absorption/emission spectrometer for the rapid, routine determination of major cations in soil extracts and plant ash solutions. Atomic absorption is the determination of the presence and concentrations of metals in liquid samples. The atomic absorption spectrophotometers are essentially of two types, namely : (a) Single-beam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, and (b) Double-beam Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. 1. Hollow cathode lamp to produce light of the desired wavelength. Atomic absorption spectroscopy has simple instrumentation. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 2 1. 3. 4. A solution consisting of certain metallic species when aspriated into a flame, it will.produce the corresponding vapours of metallic species. High tech electronics amplify, filter, and process the electrical signal, using a series of chips and microprocessors, transmitting the result to an internal or external computer which manage all data-handling and display. As discussed before, elements have a specific absorption line. 10. This given a pulsating current in the photocell. Infrared spectroscopy, Principle, Instrumentation and Applications Infrared spectroscopy is one of the most powerful analytical techniques which provides the possibility of chemical identification. Atomic absorption spectroscopy has proved itself to be the most powerful instrumental techniques for the quantitative determination of trace metal in liquid. The sample is dissolved in a polar solvent is placed in the container. Introduction. If the heat of the burner is more, the sample molecules may ionize instead of forming atoms. It may be further explained as follows below : 1. Determination of metallic elements in Biological material. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is a techniques of elemental analysis. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is also called as Absorption Flame Photometry. This is a beaker-like container of the sample which is placed below the burner preferably. Additionally, the instrument also sprays the sample in the solution state over an atomizer (burner). Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, AAS is used to measure the concentration of a specific element, in a given sample. Determination of metallic elements in food industry. These include a specially designed lamp to produce light of a desired wavelength and a burner to prepare the sample for the absorption … The following protocol is used to determine the amount of Cd and Zn in a CdSe/ZnS core/shell:48 (1) This can be a display computer. analysis respective metal-coated cathodes are used in the lamp. Instruments 6. In aqueous solution, the predominant anion affect the signal to a negotiable degree. Choose between the high-quality entry-level instruments of the novAA 800 series for fully automatic single-element and sequential multi-element analysis in routine laboratories of all kinds or the instruments of the ZEEnit series with Zeeman background correction of the third generation for trace analysis in the graphite furnace. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ETAAS) requires more operator skill and is less rapid, but yields substantially superior limits of detection when compared with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). In order to un - derstand the relationship of these techniques to each other, it is necessary to have an understanding of the atom itself and of the atomic process involved in each technique. The time since 1955 can be divided into seven year periods. Two types of light sources can be used based on the requirement. Some metal atom would be raised directly to an energy level to such an extent as to emit the particular radiation. In atomic absorption spectrophotometry (see graph at right), the atoms are heated enough in a flame or graphite tube to free them from solvents and disrupt the formation of salts, but not enough to pump electrons to an excited electronic state. 3. The information posted is very easily understandable to readers, possible update about fuel+oxidant combination and interference in aas. Disadvantage – one main disadvantage of single beam equipment is low stability.. 2. Atomic-absorption (AA) spectroscopy uses the absorption of light to measure the concentration of gas-phase atoms. 4. Share this post with your friends. In atomic absorption spectroscopy occurs the absorption of energy by the atom so that the atom experiences an electronic transition from the ground state to the excited state. DOI: 10.1016/0584-8547(69)80007-8. • → Atomic absorption spectroscopy (often called AA) - This method commonly uses a pre-burner nebulizer (or nebulizing chamber) to create a sample mist and a slot-shaped burner which gives a longer pathlength flame. In atomic absorption spectroscopy, a different hollow cathod lamp is to be used for each elements to be tested. The temperature of the flame is low enough that the flame itself does not excite sample atoms from their ground state. At the critical point, a sufficiently large quantum of the metal atom of a particular element would still remain in the non – emitting ground – state, which in turn shall be receptive of light radiation having their own specific wavelength. Atomic absorption occurs when an atom in the ground state absorbs light energy and transitions to a higher energy level. Further, there is also emission from the lamp and the flame. Instrumentation - Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Atomization : The most important difference between a spectrophotometer for atomic absorption and one for molecular absorption is the need to convert the ana- lyte into a free atom. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AA) OF Whether your single-element inorganic analysis application requires flame furnace or graphite furnace atomic absorption (AA), we offer state-of-the-art, high-performance instrumentation, and support you with more than 50 years of experience as the industry leader in atomic absorption spectroscopy. Spectroscopy Instruments Spectroscopy Instruments Spectroscopy Products - UV/VIS Spectrophotometer, Atomic Absorption AAS - FT-IR Spectrometer - Qualitest offers extensive range of advanced Spectrophotometers which help to improve product … atomic absorption spectroscopy instrumentation for sale - 19 - atomic absorption spectroscopy instrumentation wholesalers & atomic absorption spectroscopy instrumentation manufacturers from China manufacturers. In analytical chemistry the technique is used for determining the concentration of a particular element in a sample to be analyzed. Fish sauce is a food with a complex chemical composition, mainly influenced by the type of fish used for production and by the fermentation conditions. Since heavy metal poisoning is mostly lethal a regular monitoring of poison levels in the patient blood is essential. A capillary tube drains the sample to the tip of the burner. The percentage is then compared to a calibration curve to determine the amount of material in the sample. • Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is a very common technique for detecting metals and metalloids in samples. The advantage of a Hollow cathode lamp is that it provides radiation with a bandwidth of 0.001 to 0.01nm. However, solid state detectors are now replacing conventional vacuum-type photomultipliers. It is specially useful for determining trace metals in liquids and is almost independent of the … Hence a proper combination of fuels and oxidant are to be used to produce recommended temperatures. The PMT is the most commonly used detector for atomic absorption spectroscopy. In order to un - derstand the relationship of these techniques to each other, it is necessary to have an understanding of the atom itself and of the atomic process involved in each technique. In this method, the analysis is based on measuring the intensity of the light absorbed by the atom so that excitation occurs. HISTORY:- The first atomic absorption spectrometer was built by CSIRO scientist Alan Walsh in 1954. 4. Because of the much larger number of metal atom that contribute to an atomic absorption signal. DOI: 10.1016/0584-8547(68)80040-0. Atomic spectroscopy is the determination of elemental composition by its electromagnetic or mass spectrum. Hence, we need to isolate the desired spectral line for the measurement of absorption. Advantages 4. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) July 2012; DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.29580.51844. For this one need to use a phosphorous hollow cathode tube. The method relies on the principle of absorption spectroscopy. It displays the absorbance at a specific wavelength. It may be further expatiated as follows below : A solution consisting of certain metallic species when aspirated into a flame, it will give rise to the corresponding vapours of metallic species. Flame Atomic Absorption is a very common technique for detecting metals present in samples. CONTENTS: Principle of AAS. INSTRUMENTATION. A bulb containing an element of interest (with argon gas) is present in the lamp. This is most widely used as a light source. Here the sample from the capillary rises to the tip of the burner. The elements analyzed routinely include sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and zinc. BOLTZMANN DISTRUBUTION EQUATION N*/No = e - ∆E/kT N* – number of excited atoms N o – number of … Multiple choice questions on principles, line spectra, atomization, interferences and instrumentation of atomic spectroscopy-Page-6 1. Commonly used flues include propane, Hydrogen, and acetylene and oxidants are mostly air or oxygen. ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY (AAS) ASSIGNMENT ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY v, 2014 Submitted To Mam Khadijah Submitted By Anum Shahid – CMS#8168 Aniqa Javed - CMS#13464 Faiza Iftikhar – CMS#8420 Saleha Sayyab – CMS#8571 Kalsoom Saleem – CMS#8107 Submission Date 06-11-2014 Semester 6th Section A Total Pages 9 Remarks 1|Page ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY … The current or potential recorded for the sample absorption is recorded in computer software and then analyzed. Steve J. Hill, Andy S. Fisher, in Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry (Third Edition), 2017. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 1969, 24 (1) , 53-70. 1. Metal ions in a solution are converted to atomic state by means … Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, AAS is used to measure the concentration of a specific element, in a given sample. The atomic absorption techniques is specific because the atom of a particular element can only absorb radiation of their own charactrastic wavelength. The instrument is available as single and double beam instruments. 1969,,, 155-178. The first was an induction period (1955-1962) when AA received attention from only a very few people. PRINCIPLE: The technique uses basically the principle that free atoms (gas) generated in an atomizer can absorb radiation at specific frequency. Atomic-absorption spectroscopy quantifies the absorption of ground state atoms in the gaseous state. The atoms absorb ultraviolet or visible light and make transitions to higher electronic energy levels. This light is typically in the visible or ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Nice info. This leads to evaporation of the solvent and leaves a fine dry residue. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is a techniques of elemental analysis. The atoms absorb ultraviolet or visible light and make transitions to higher electronic energy levels. The use of other methods like monochromators gives radiation with a bandwidth of 1nm. It can be divided by atomization source or by the type of spectroscopy used. Atomic Absorption Instrumentation. atomic absorption spectroscopy 1. Since samples are usually liquids or solids, the analyte atoms or ions must be vaporized in a flame or graphite furnace. AAS can be used to determine over 70 different elem Element concentrations of a millionth (ppm) or one billionth part (ppb) of the sample can be detected. 3. 40 Radiation Sources. Shimadzu still maintains an overwhelming market share with highly-regarded products that are selected as the market standard throughout the world. 4. Affiliation: Pharos University in Alexandria; Authors: Moustafa Mohamed Ahmed. These lamps are less conventional in regular use but are essential for the determination of Arsenic and selenium. 5. Biomedical samples and analytes Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) is suitable for measurement of a limited range of elements present at concentrations greater than approximately 1 μg ml −1 in biological fluids, and for the analysis of solutions obtained from biological tissues at the completion of the sample preparation steps. INTRODUCTION: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is a very common technique for detecting metals and metalloids in samples. Optical emission (OE) spectroscopy comes in two forms: flame OE and the more popular inductively coupled plasma (ICP) OE. In an AAS, the sample is atomized and a beam of electromagnetic radiation emitted from a light source passes through the vaporized sample. In flame AA with a hydrogen/oxygen flame, the absorbance for iron decreased in the presence of large concentrations of sulfate ion. In an AAS, the sample is atomized and a beam of electromagnetic radiation emitted from a light source passes through the vaporized sample. 5. Techniques of Measurement and EPA Methods Using FAAS. Principle of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 3. The radiation source for atomic absorption spectroscopy should emit stable, intense radiation of the element to be determined, useually a resonance line of the element.. A rotating wheel is interposed between the hollow cathod lamp and the flame. After recombination, the two beam pass through a Monochromators to a detector and readout system. Elements detectable by atomic absorption are highlighted in pink in this periodic table 4. Metals include Fe, Cu, Al, Pb, Ca, Zn, Cd and many more. Atomic absorption instruments consist of a source of radiation, a monochromator, a flame or electrothermal atomizer in which sample is introduced, and a transducer. Can phosphorous analysis done by AAS. atomic absorption spectroscopy 1. Atomic absorption spectrophotometers use the same single-beam or double-beam optics described earlier for molecular absorption spectrophotometers (see Figure 10.3.2 and Figure 10.3.3). Chem.-3rd Sem. Instrumentation. A chart recorder is a potentiometer using a servometer to move the recording pen. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy is currently the most widely used of all the atomic methods because of its simplicity, effectiveness and relatively low cost. Meaning of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 2. Light sources are either hollow cathode or electrodeless discharge lamps. Generally “Lock -in ” amplifier arr preferred which provide a very narrow frequency band pass and help to achieve an excellent signal- to – noise ratio. It has good stability if used with a stable power supply. Since then, the modern approach to AAS has been revolutionised, most noticeably by A. C. Walsh and C. T. J. Alkemade in the 1950s. Besides the light should be stable and have sufficient intensity. Based on the metal of analysis a suitable cathode lamp is selected. The atoms absorb ultraviolet or visible … The underlying principle of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is the absorption of energy exclu-sively by ground state atoms while they are in the gaseous form. In health care, it is used to analyze ionic metal elements in blood, saliva, urine samples. Although radiation in the UV-Vis region … 6. Detector to detect the absorption intensity. To determine metal elements like copper, nickel, and zinc in the food industry. B) Calibration and standard curves . AAS was first deployed back in 1859 by Gustav Kirschoff and Robert Bunsen to detect the presence of certain atoms in flames and gases. For drinking and irrigation, Hi, yes phosphorous can be detected a! The production of atomic spectroscopy 1968, 23 ( 9 ), 2017 are mostly air or.! 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Entire process to be tested packaged atomic absorption spectroscopy is a very important part of entire. Bunsen to detect the presence of certain atoms in flames and gases quantifies the absorption of exclusively! Respective metal-coated cathodes are used in atomic absorption measurement, chart recorder are used in the low (... Flame at the instrumentation of atomic absorption spectroscopy of the flame and ALKEMAD e and ti-tz atoms! Then analyzed used as read out device the predominant anion affect the signal to calibration! For detecting metals and metalloids in samples this rotating wheel is known as chopper and is almost independent the! Spectroscopy 1968, Shimadzu Corporation has remained at the material time throughout the world inorganic industry... Liquid solvent is evaporated, and zinc in the UV-Vis region … atomic absorption spectroscopy of material in the state..., manganese, copper, zinc, mercury, lead, nickel, and atomic absorption spectroscopy AAS! 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